Muchidzidzo chinokatyamadza, vaongorori vakaongorora kushanda kweakasiyana mamorekuru sieve hupfu munzvimbo yekudzvinyirira utsi. Tsvagiridzo iyi yakanangana neakasiyana masieve emamorekuru, anosanganisira 3A, 5A, 10X, 13X, NaY, MCM-41-Al, uye MCM-41-Si, vachivavarira kuona kugona kwavo mukudzikisa zvinokuvadza zvinobuda panguva yemaindasitiri.
Kudzivirirwa kwehutsi chinhu chakakosha mumaindasitiri mazhinji, kunyanya ayo anosanganisira kushanda kwepamusoro-tembiricha senge simbi, welding, uye kugadzira makemikari. Kuburitswa kwehutsi kunogona kukonzera njodzi dzehutano kuvashandi uye kubatsira mukusvibisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Saka nekudaro, kudiwa kwemaitiro ekudzvinyirira anobudirira hakuna kumbobvira kwanyanya kumanikidza.
Masieve mamorekuru zvinhu zvekristaro zvine saizi yepore yakafanana iyo inogona kusarudza adsorb mamorekuru zvichienderana nehukuru uye chimiro. Ichi chakasarudzika chivakwa chinovaita vanokodzera kukwikwidza kweakasiyana maapplication, kusanganisira kupatsanurwa kwegasi, catalysis, uye, sezvinoratidzwa neongororo iyi, kudzvinyirira utsi. Vatsvakurudzi vakatsvaga kuongorora kushanda kwema molecular sieve powders mukutora nekuderedza utsi hunokuvadza.
Chidzidzo chacho chakatanga nekuongorora kwakadzama kwezvinhu zvemasefa akasarudzwa ma molecular. Masefa e3A ne5A, anozivikanwa nekugona kushambadza mamorekuru madiki, akaedzwa padivi pemasefa mahombe epore, akadai se10X uye 13X, anogona kugarisa mamorekuru egasi. Iyo NaY sieve, rudzi rwe zeolite, yakaverengerwawo nekuda kwenzvimbo yayo yepamusoro uye ion-exchange exchange. Pamusoro pezvo, iwo maMCM-41 akasiyana, MCM-41-Al uye MCM-41-Si, akasarudzwa kune akasarudzika mesoporous zvimiro, izvo zvinopa akasiyana adsorption masisitimu kana achienzaniswa neachinyakare zeolites.
Chikamu chekuyedza chaisanganisira kuisa ma molecular sieve poda kune akasiyana siyana-anogadzira utsi, kuenzanisa mamiriro anowanzo kuwanikwa mumaindasitiri. Vatsvagiri vakayera kugona kwesefa yega yega mukutora utsi, kuongorora zvinhu zvakaita seadsorption kugona, mwero wekutorwa kwehutsi, uye kushanda kwese mukudzikisa kutenderera kwemhepo kwezvinhu zvinokuvadza.
Mhedzisiro yekutanga yakaratidza kuti kuita kwema molecular sieves kwakasiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nekuumbwa kwavo uye chimiro. Masefa e3A ne5A airatidza kugona kunokatyamadza mukushambadza fume particles, zvichiita kuti zvikodzere kushandiswa kunonetsa. Sezvineiwo, masefa makuru epore, kunyanya 10X uye 13X, akakunda mukutora mamorekuru egasi, zvichikurudzira kushandiswa kwawo mumaitiro anoburitsa utsi hunorema.
Iyo NaY sieve yakaratidza zvinoshamisa ion-exchange zvivakwa, izvo zvisina kungovandudza utsi hwekubata kwayo asi zvakare yakabvumira kusarerekera kweimwe chepfu makomisheni. Hunhu uhu hunoisa NaY semumiriri anovimbisa kumaindasitiri anobata nezvinhu zvine njodzi, uko kudzvanyirira utsi uye kusarereka kwemakemikari kwakakosha.
MCM-41-Al uye MCM-41-Si, ine akasiyana mesoporous zvimiro, yakapa imwe nzira yekudzvinyirira utsi. Nzvimbo yavo yepamusoro yepamusoro uye saizi yepore inogoneka inotenderwa kusarudzwa kwezvimwe zvikamu zvehutsi, zvichivaita sarudzo dzakasiyana-siyana dzemaitiro ekudzora utsi. Chidzidzo ichi chakaratidza kugona kwezvinhu izvi mukugadzira masisitimu epamusoro ekusefa anogona kuenderana nekusiyana kwezvinodiwa zvemaindasitiri.
Sezvo tsvagiridzo ichifambira mberi, timu yakaongorora zvakare kugona kwekuvandudza kwema molecular sieves. Iko kugona kudzoreredza iyo adsorptive kugona kwemasefa mushure mekushandisa kwakakosha kune yavo inoshanda mukushandisa mumaindasitiri. Chidzidzo chacho chakawana kuti dzakawanda dzemasero akaedzwa anogona kunyatsogadziriswa kuburikidza nekurapa kwekupisa, zvichibvumira kushandiswa zvakare pasina kurasikirwa kukuru kwekuita.
Mhedzisiro yechidzidzo ichi inodarika kudzvanyirira utsi. Nekuona uye nekunatsiridza mashandisirwo emamolecular sieve poda, maindasitiri anogona kudzikisa zvakanyanya kutsika kwavo kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuwedzera kuchengetedzwa kwenzvimbo yebasa. Zvakawanikwa zvinoratidza kuti kubatanidza zvinhu izvi mumasisitimu aripo ekutonga utsi kunogona kutungamirira kune mamwe maitiro anoshanda uye akasimba.
Mukupedzisa, ichi chidzidzo chitsva chinopa chiedza pamusoro pekugona kwe molecular sieve powders sevashandi vanobatsira pakuderedza utsi. Nezvimiro zvavo zvakasarudzika uye kugona kwavo, masefa akadai se3A, 5A, 10X, 13X, NaY, MCM-41-Al, uye MCM-41-Si anopa mhinduro dzinovimbisa kumatambudziko anokonzerwa nemhepo inokuvadza mumaindasitiri maitiro. Sezvo maindasitiri arikuramba achitsvaga mashandiro anogara aripo uye akachengeteka, ruzivo rwakawanikwa kubva mukutsvagisa urwu runogona kugadzira nzira yekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzirisa utsi hunoisa pamberi pehutano nekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza. Kumwe kutsvagisa nekushandira pamwe pakati pevadzidzi neindasitiri kuchave kwakakosha kushandura zvakawanikwa izvi kuti zvive mashandisirwo anoshanda, zvichizobatsira kune yakachena uye yakachengeteka mamiriro eindasitiri.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-19-2024
